Raja-udang (Kingfishers)
Guam Kingfisher
Todiramphus cinnamominus
- legendaris
- 40 km/h
- Punah di alam liar
Extinct in the wild since the brown tree snake arrived. Fewer than 200 alive in captive breeding programs.
- Populasi
- ~139–145 individuals in managed captive populations (~139 reported as of 2020); zero self-sustaining in the wild, with a small experimental reintroduction underway at Palmyra Atoll (9 birds released beginning 2024, first wild eggs laid April 2025)
- Habitat
- Historically mature and second-growth limestone and volcanic forest, riparian forest, coconut plantations, and large wooded gardens on Guam, 0–300 m elevation (avoiding savannah and wetlands); nested in cavities excavated in trees or in termite mounds.
- Fakta menarik
- Despite being a kingfisher, the Guam Kingfisher (locally called "sihek") almost never eats fish, instead hunting insects and skinks — and in April 2025 a reintroduced pair on Palmyra Atoll laid the species' first wild eggs in nearly 40 years.
- Sebaran
- Endemic to Guam, Mariana Islands; population crashed from an estimated 3,000 birds in the early 1980s to extirpation in the wild by 1986 due to predation by the introduced brown tree snake. Survives only in captive-breeding facilities in the continental US and Guam, with birds recently released experimentally on Cooper Island, Palmyra Atoll, as a snake-free surrogate range.
- Makanan
- Unusual for a kingfisher, it eats almost no fish; preys on insects (including grasshoppers), spiders, skinks and other small lizards, and small crustaceans, typically hunted from a perch and taken on the ground.
- Ukuran
- 0,22 m
- Masa hidup
- 12 tahun
